亚热带地区国有林场可持续经营指标体系研究

通过实地调查研究,借鉴已发布的国际、国家、地区、经营单位层面森林可持续经营标准和指标,以森林可持续经营为主要内容,对亚热带地区国有林场森林经营、人力资源、社会资源等方面进行研究,构建出亚热带地区国有林场可持续经营指标体系,为亚热带地区国有林场可持续经营提供理论借鉴,期盼为制定亚热带地区森林可持续经营指标提供借鉴。     

浅谈自然保护区规划与管理——以龙凤自然保护区为例

随着近年来党和国家对自然保护区的建设情况的高度重视,自然保护区的规划与管理成为了工作的重中之重。合理高效的方法将直接切实影响到自然保护区的规划、管理、建设,直接影响自然保护区相关相关工作的进展落实情况。自然保护区以它特有的巨大的生态价值和环境效应成为了国内外重点研究的对象,本文就龙凤自然保护区简析国内自然保护区的规划与管理,针对国内外现状进行分析,找出不足和存在的问题,结合实际情况,提出建议和可行性高的解决方案。     

河北省张宣葡萄产区土壤地球化学特征

[目的]为科学合理规划特色农产品种植区,因地制宜地扩大张宣葡萄种植规模。[方法]文章通过对张宣葡萄产区开展1:5万农业生态地质现状调查,利用土壤地球化学测试数据,与河北省平原区背景值、张家口盆地背景值进行对比分析,归纳总结研究区土壤地球化学特征;并依据土地质量和土壤环境质量相关规范,对张宣葡萄产地进行系统地土壤肥力和土壤环境质量评价。[结果]葡萄种植区土壤中铜、锶、二氧化硅、氧化钾含量较高,尤以铜最为显著,含量均值是张家口盆地背景值的2倍,是河北省平原区背景值的1. 94倍;铬、镍、铁、锰、氮、有机碳、硒、镁含量相对较少,均低于张家口盆地背景值和河北省平原区背景值。整体而言,土壤综合肥力相对缺乏,主要表现为氮、磷缺乏;土壤环境综合质量较为清洁,无Ⅲ类区,全部重金属元素均未超风险管制值,99. 26%的面积低于全部重金属元素风险筛选值,表现为4个样点铜含量和1个样点镉含量高于风险筛选值,分别位于宣化区和涿鹿县境内。[结论]应通过增施化学肥料提高土壤中氮、磷含量,注意防治保护性杀菌剂的使用带来的铜局部累积现象。     

Revising the European Central Bank’s fiscal rules to support growth and employment

Abstract

The paper presents a reform proposal for the operations of the European Central Bank (ECB) whose purpose is to create a common set of risk-free assets for financial institutions operating in the euro area (EA), which is the necessary condition for having a single internal financial market. The proposal does not require the introduction of changes in the existing European Union treaties. The effects of this reform on the debt dynamic of EA member countries permit a revision of the existing fiscal rules. With the help of some simulations, it is shown that maintaining compliance with the European treaties, the reform of the ECB operations and revised fiscal rules would transform the current fiscal deflationary stance into a reflationary one. Some implications for aggregate demand and growth for the EA are briefly discussed.     

西北干旱区引水枢纽工程设计

本文着重介绍了引水枢纽各主要建筑物设计原理以及主要的设计内容,希望能为读者提供启示和帮助。     

试论房地产面积测绘的结果和质量管理

本文通过对房地产面积测绘内容的分析,提出了相关的优化房地产面积测绘的措施及其质量管理。     

Ramshackle farmhouses,useless old stables,or irreplaceable cultural heritage? Local inhabitants’ perspectives on future uses of the Walser built heritage

Social and economic developments in rural regions call for a discussion of strategies of dealing with redundant traditional buildings. Using a social science approach, our study examines how the local population in two rural regions perceives the built heritage and which factors are underlying these perceptions. People’s attitudes towards maintaining the cultural heritage vary considerably and are partly influenced by the socio-cultural and economic context of the region. The present article discusses some of the core regional socio-cultural influences on attitudes towards the rural built heritage. Following from qualitative interviews, the article concludes that the scale of perception of the built heritage is related to the “liveliness” of the local culture: The more original and distinctive the local culture is, and the more the local economy is still based on agriculture, the wider the scale of perception of the traditional cultural landscape and built heritage. In a region with local traditions that are alive and followed in everyday life, and a local economy that is mainly based on agriculture, the entire settlement structure is perceived as cultural heritage. In such areas, alternative uses should be found for redundant buildings. In contrast, in regions where the culture is less visible and alive nowadays and where the local economy has changed, people tend to perceive single buildings as representing their cultural heritage, and they often wish to preserve and conserve such remaining houses, barns and stables. In the study, we show that from a social science point of view, there is no universal perception of the maintenance of built cultural heritage. Rather, we see different views and opinions that are important to consider when it comes to developing heritage protection strategies together with public authorities.     

甘肃苹果产业发展优势及提质增效对策

通过实地调查和专家访谈,利用比较分析法,对甘肃苹果产业的发展优势、存在问题及提质增效对策进行了研究。从自然资源禀赋、经济比较效益、产业支持政策、实际扶贫效果、持续发展潜力等5个方面分析了甘肃苹果产业发展的优势条件;从苗木繁育、栽培管理、产地认证、采后处理、精深加工、品牌建设、技术支撑等方面指出了存在的主要问题;从政策扶持、科技创新、基地建设、人才培养、灾害防控、农业保险等方面提出了促进甘肃苹果产业优化升级、提质增效的对策措施。具体措施是:继续加大政策扶持力度;以促进苹果产业升级为目标,加快品种更新换代,加强关键栽培管理技术研究创新,加强精深加工技术创新推广,进一步强化科技支撑;以企业为主体,加强品牌建设;以标准化为抓手,加强出口创汇基地建设;同时加强本土技术人才培养、加强灾害性天气预警防控、加强苹果产业保险机制研究与示范推广。     

Sovereign risk and belief-driven fluctuations in the euro area

Sovereign risk premia in several euro area countries have risen markedly since 2008, driving up credit spreads in the private sector as well. We propose a New Keynesian model of a two-region monetary union that accounts for this “sovereign risk channel.” The model is calibrated to the euro area as of mid-2012. We show that a combination of sovereign risk in one region and strongly procyclical fiscal policy at the aggregate level exacerbates the risk of belief-driven deflationary downturns. The model provides an argument in favor of coordinated, asymmetric fiscal stances as a way to prevent self-fulfilling debt crises.     

浅析新农村民用建筑的造价控制

本文总结分析了新农村民用建筑的建设现状及特点,探讨了新农村民用建筑的造价控制,并提出了相关对策。